Ngemuva Kwezigcawu Zephrojekthi Yezibalo Yedatha Eyimpumelelo | by Ilona Hetsevich | Jan, 2025

Ngemva kokusebenza njengomhlaziyi wedatha isikhashana futhi ngenza amaphrojekthi amaningi, ngingasho ukuthi nakuba iphrojekthi ngayinye ihlukile, kuhlale kunendlela efakazelwe yokusondela kuyo.

Namuhla, ngizokwabelana nawe ngezinyathelo engivame ukuzithatha lapho ngisebenza kuphrojekthi yedatha ukuze nawe ukwazi ukuzilandela.

Isinyathelo 1: Chaza Inkinga Nezinjongo

Awukwazi ukuxazulula inkinga noma ukuphendula umbuzo webhizinisi uma ungaqondi ukuthi iyini nokuthi ingena kanjani esithombeni esikhulu.

Akunandaba ukuthi umsebenzi umkhulu noma unzima kangakanani, kufanele uqonde ukuthi abathintekayo bebhizinisi lakho bazama ukufeza ini ngaphambi kokungena kudatha. Lena yingxenye lapho ubuza khona imibuzo eminingi, futhi ngaphambi kokuthi uthole okungenani izimpendulo ezithile, awucwili kunoma iyiphi idatha.

Lokhu ngakufunda kabuhlungu ekuqaleni komsebenzi wami. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho isicelo engacacile like “Sibone izivakashi zehla kule nyanga. Ungahlola ukuthi kungani?” ngafika, ngangena ngokushesha emsebenzini. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngangichitha amahora ngizama ukuqonda inkinga yangempela ngoba angizange ngibuze imibuzo efanele kusenesikhathi.

Angizange ngibuze umongo:

• Kungani ithimba lalidinga ukuthi izimoto zibe phezulu?
• Yayiyini isu elikhethiwe (ukuqwashisa ngomkhiqizo ngokumelene nokukhiqizwa kokufunwa)?
• Ayeyini amaqhinga akhethiwe (ukusesha okukhokhelwayo kuqhathaniswa nohlelo)?
• Kwakuyini utshalomali?

Angibabuzanga abathintekayo ukuthi bazokwenzani ngemuva kokuthola ama-data.

• Ingabe babefuna ukwandisa ukubhalisa nokuthengisa?
• Ingabe bebazi ukuthi ukuvakasha kwamawebhusayithi kungase kubukeke kuhlaba umxhwele kodwa kungahlobanisi ngempela nemiphumela yebhizinisi nokuthi ukugxila kumamethrikhi afana nezinga lokuguqulwa kungaba nomthelela ongcono kakhulu?

Lesi sinyathelo sokuqala sokuqala sibalulekile ngoba sithinta konke okunye: kusukela ku- imithombo yedatha uzosebenzisa ukubuyisa idatha ku amamethrikhi uzohlaziya, i ifomethi uzosebenzisa ukwethula imininingwane, kanye umugqa wesikhathi udinga ukulungela.

Ngakho ungalinge weqe noma uqonde kancane ngethemba ukuthi uzokuthola endleleni.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Setha Okulindelekile

Uma usuyichazile inkinga, sekuyisikhathi sokusetha okulindelweyo.

Ababambiqhaza ababoni ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi singakanani isikhathi nomzamo owenziwayo ekuqoqeni nasekuhlaziyeni idatha. Uphakathi kwabantu abambalwa enhlanganweni abangathola izimpendulo, ngakho uthola izicelo eziningi. Yingakho udinga ukubeka phambili futhi ubeke okulindelekile.

Ukuqonda inkinga, inkimbinkimbi yayo, ukuthi ihambisana kanjani nemigomo yenhlangano evela kuSinyathelo 1 kusiza ukubeka phambili futhi uxhumane nababambe iqhaza lapho umsebenzi ungenziwa noma kungani ungeke uwubeke eqhulwini njengamanje. Ufuna ukugxila emsebenzini onomthelela omkhulu.

Uzakwethu wathatha indlela ehlakaniphile. Badinga ababambiqhaza ukuthi bagcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo lapho beletha umsebenzi. Lolu hlu lwemibuzo luhlanganisa imibuzo eyahlukene mayelana nencazelo yenkinga, umugqa wesikhathi, njll., futhi lubuze, “Uzokwenzani ngemininingwane?”. Le ndlela ayizange nje iqoqe lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ngaphambili, iqede isidingo sokuxhumana emuva naphambili, kodwa futhi yenza ababambiqhaza bacabange kabili ngaphambi kokuhambisa olunye. “Ungabheka ngokushesha…?” isicelo. Genius, akunjalo?

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Lungiselela Idatha

Manje njengoba usuyichazile inkinga futhi usetha okulindelekile, sekuyisikhathi sokulungisa idatha.

Lesi yisinyathelo lapho uzibuza khona:

• Ingabe nginayo yonke idatha etholakalayo, noma ngidinga ukuyiqoqa kuqala?
• Ingabe nginalo lonke ulwazi lwesizinda oludingekayo, noma ngidinga ukwenza ucwaningo?
• Ingabe nginawo amadokhumenti atholakalayo wamasethi edatha ahlobene? (Uma ingekho imibhalo, ungase udinge ukuthintana nabanikazi bedatha ukuze uthole incazelo.)

Omunye umbuzo obalulekile okufanele uphendule kulesi sinyathelo “Yimaphi amamethrikhi okufanele ngiwalinganise?”

Ngihlala ngiqondanisa amamethrikhi ami nezinjongo zebhizinisi. Isibonelo, uma inhloso kuwukukhuphula ukuqwashisa ngomkhiqizo, ngibeka kuqala amamethrikhi afana nokuvelayo, ivolumu yosesho enebhrendi, ithrafikhi eqondile, nokufinyelela. Uma umgomo uwukuqhuba ukuthengisa, ngigxila kumazinga okuguqulwa, inani le-oda elimaphakathi, nezindleko zokutholwa kwekhasimende. Ngiphinde ngihlole amamethrikhi esibili (izibalo zabantu, ukusetshenziswa kwedivayisi, ukuziphatha kwekhasimende) ukuze ngiqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlaziya kwami ​​​​kugcwele futhi kupenda isithombe esiphelele.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Hlola Idatha

Manje sekuza ingxenye ejabulisayo — Ukuhlaziywa Kwedatha Yokuhlola (EDA). Ngiyayithanda le ngxenye ngoba yilapho yonke imilingo eyenzekayo. Njengomseshi, ubuyekeza ubufakazi, uphenye icala, wenze imibono ecatshangelwayo, futhi ubheke amaphethini afihliwe.

Njengoba uhlola idatha, wena:

• Buza imibuzo engcono. Njengoba ujwayelana nedatha, ungakwazi ukukhuluma nabanikazi bedatha ngemibuzo ephathekayo, ikwenze ubukeke unekhono, unolwazi, futhi uqiniseka emehlweni osebenza nabo.
• Qamba ngobunjiniyela besici. Uyaqonda ukuthi udinga noma cha yini ukudala izici ezintsha kusukela kwezikhona kakade. Lokhu kusiza ukuthwebula kangcono amaphethini angaphansi kudatha ebengeke inakwe.
• Hlola ikhwalithi yedatha. Uhlola inombolo yemigqa yedatha nokuthi ingabe kukhona okudidayo, okufana nokuphuma ngaphandle, okulahlekile, noma okuyimpinda yedatha.

Uma isinyathelo sokuhlola sibonisa ukuthi idatha idinga ukuhlanzwa (futhi ungikholwe, kungaphezu kokuba akunjalo), uqhubeka nokuhlanza idatha.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Hlanza Idatha

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isethi yedatha ibukeka iphucuze kangakanani uma uqala nje, ungalokothi ucabange ukuthi ihlanzekile. Izinkinga zekhwalithi yedatha zivame kakhulu kunokuba kungenjalo.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zekhwalithi yedatha okudingeka uzilungise yilezi:

1. Amanani angekho:

Indlela ozosingatha ngayo idatha engekho iyahluka kuye kwelinye icala.

• Uma kungenxa yamaphutha ekufakweni kwedatha, sebenzisana namathimba afanele ukuyilungisa.
• Uma idatha yoqobo ingakwazi ukutholwa, udinga ukususa amanani angekho noma uwabeke ngokusebenzisa amabhentshimakhi womkhakha, ubala incazelo noma i-median, noma usebenzise izindlela zokufunda zomshini.
• Uma amanani angekho amelela ingxenye encane yedathasethi futhi engeke abe nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlaziyeni, ngokuvamile kulungile ukuwasusa.

2. Idatha engahambisani: Hlola idatha ukuze uthole amafomethi edatha angahambisani futhi uwenze abe sezingeni.

3. Amarekhodi ayimpinda: Khomba futhi ususe amarekhodi ayimpinda ukuze ugweme imiphumela ehlanekezelwe.

4. Izinto ezingaphandle noma amaphutha kudatha: Hlola okungaphandle noma amaphutha kudatha. Ngokusekelwe kumongo wayo, nquma ukuthi uyayisusa, uyilungise, noma uyigcine.

Uma idatha yakho isihlanziwe, yisikhathi sokuqhubekela esigabeni sokuhlaziya.

Isinyathelo sesi-6: Hlaziya Idatha

Yilapho umsebenzi wakho wobuseshi uqala khona ukuthela izithelo.

Okubalulekile ukuqala ngombuzo ogxile kakhulu futhi oqondile hhayi ukuchema ngokuba ne-hypothesis engqondweni. Ukusebenzisa idatha ukuze uxoxe indaba wena noma ozakwenu enifuna ukuyizwa noma enilindele ukuyizwa kungase kusilingo, kodwa kufanele uvumele isethi yedatha izikhulumele yona.

Ngincamela ukusebenzisa indlela yembangela lapho ngihlaziya idatha. Isibonelo, ukuphendula umbuzo, “Kungani sibona ukwehla kokubhalisa?” Ngizolandela lezi zinyathelo eziyi-10:

1. Ukuhlaziywa kwethrendi: Ukwehla kwenzeka nini okokuqala? Ingabe kungokwesizini?
2. Amanani ethrafikhi nokuguqulwa: Ingabe bambalwa abantu abavakashela isayithi noma izivakashi ezimbalwa ezibhalisayo?
3. Nikeza ukusebenza: Ingabe ukwehla kusabalele noma kuhlukaniselwe isithembiso esithile?
4. Ukusebenza Kwewebhusayithi: Ingabe zikhona izinkinga zobuchwepheshe noma izixhumanisi eziphukile?
5. Imininingwane yomsebenzisi: Ingabe iphethini iqondene nesegimenti ethile noma bonke abasebenzisi?
6. Ukuhlaziywa kohambo lomsebenzisi: Ingabe akhona amaphuzu okungqubuzana lapho abangaba amakhasimende beshiya khona?
7. Ukusebenza komkhankaso: Ingabe imikhankaso yakamuva yokumaketha noma izinguquko zesu, ukwabiwa kwesabelomali, noma ukwenziwa kube nomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle?
8. Umsebenzi wezimbangi: Ingabe izimbangi zethu zisungule umkhankaso wokumaketha, umkhiqizo omusha, noma isici? Ingabe sebewashintshile amanani abo? Ingabe sikhona esinye isizathu okungenzeka siheha amakhasimende kude?
9. Okuthrendayo emakethe: Ingabe akhona amathrendi emakethe kanye nezinguquko ekuziphatheni kwabathengi ezithinta ukuthengisa embonini?
10. Impendulo yekhasimende: Ingabe amakhasimende awanelisekile ngomnikelo? Ingabe izidingo zabo zashintsha? Ingabe siyawathola amathikithi osekelo engeziwe?

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi izimpendulo ezisheshayo nezinembe kakhulu azifani, futhi okuningi kuncike umongo. Kungakho udinga ukusebenzisana namaqembu ahlukahlukene futhi uthuthukise ulwazi oluqinile lwesizinda nolwazi lwemboni.

Isinyathelo sesi-7: Yakha Indaba

Lesi sinyathelo siyintandokazi yami yesibili ngemva kokuhlolwa kwedatha ngoba yilapho zonke izingcezu zedatha zingena endaweni, zidalula indaba ecacile futhi zenza umqondo ophelele.

Iphutha elivamile lapha lihlanganisa yonke into oyithole inentshisekelo esikhundleni sokugxila kulokho izithameli ezikukhathalelayo.
Ngiyakuthola. Ngemva kokusebenza kanzima ukuze uthole imininingwane, kuyalinga ukubonisa zonke izinto ezinhle ozenzile. Kodwa uma ulayisha kakhulu izethameli zakho ngedatha, ungaqhubeka uzidida.

Ungaphonsi yonke idatha kubabambiqhaza; gxila kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu ezithamelini zakho esikhundleni salokho. Cabanga ngezinga labo eliphezulu, ukuthi bajwayelene kangakanani nesihloko, izinga labo lokufunda idatha, ukuthi banesikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi ngabe wethula mathupha noma uthumela umbiko nge-imeyili. Ngale ndlela awuchithi isikhathi somuntu – esakho noma esakhe.

Okokugcina, hlala ufaka izincomo ezisebenzayo kubabambiqhaza endabeni yakho. Indaba yakho kufanele iqondise ababambiqhaza ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo, iqinisekise ukuthi imininingwane yakho iqhuba izinqumo eziphusile.

Lokhu kusiletha ephuzwini elilandelayo – ukwabelana ngemininingwane nezincomo.

Isinyathelo sesi-8: Yabelana Ngemininingwane

Njengomhlaziyi wedatha, unamandla okushintsha ushintsho. Imfihlo ilele endleleni owabelana ngayo ngedatha futhi uxoxe indaba.

Okokuqala, cabangela ifomethi elindelwe izethameli zakho (bona Isinyathelo 1). Ingabe udala ideshibhodi, uthumela umbiko nge-imeyili, noma wethula mathupha? Ukuxoxwa kwezindaba zedatha kuba semqoka ezinhlelweni ezibukhoma.

Indaba enkulu yedatha ihlangana idatha, ukulandisa, okubonwayo, nokwenza:

Idatha: Gxila kuphela emininingwaneni enomthelela wangempela webhizinisi. Uma ungasitholi isizathu esibambekayo sokuthi kungani ukuqonda kwakho kuzobaluleka ezithamelini, uma kungacaci ukuthi kufanele zenzeni ngemininingwane, noma uma umthelela webhizinisi umncane, ihambise kusithasiselo.

Ukulandisa: Qinisekisa ukuthi indaba yakho inesakhiwo esicacile.

• Setha isigameko: Kwenzakalani manje?
• Yethula inkinga (ukudala ukungezwani okuthile).
• Veza imininingwane ebalulekile: Yini oyitholile?
• Qedela ngezinyathelo ezingenziwa: Yini okufanele bayenze ngokulandelayo?

Lokhu kugcina izithameli zakho zinentshisekelo futhi kwenza indaba yakho ikhumbuleke.

Okubonwayo: Ishadi elikusize uthole ukuqonda alihlali likulungele ukulethula. Gqamisa amaphuzu abalulekile futhi ugweme imfuhlumfuhlu. Isibonelo, uma uhlaziye izigaba eziyi-10 kodwa ezi-2 kuphela ezibucayi, gxila kulezo.

Zijwayeze: Ukuzilolonga kukusiza ukuthi uzizwe ukhululekile ngokuqukethwe. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi ugxile ezintweni ezibalulekile njengokubheka amehlo, ukuthinta kwezandla, nokuhamba kancane. Uma uzijwayeza kakhulu, uzovela ngokuzethemba nokwethembeka.

Ungase ucabange ukuthi uma ngabe wabelane ngemininingwane yakho, umsebenzi wakho njengomhlaziyi wedatha usuqedile. Eqinisweni ufuna abantu bangagcini ngokuzwa lokho okutholile kodwa futhi benze ngokuvumelana nemibono yakho. Lokhu kusiholela esinyathelweni sokugcina – ukwenza abantu benze okuthile ngedatha yakho.

Isinyathelo 9. Yenza Abantu Bathathe Isinyathelo Ngedatha Yakho

Ukubona umsebenzi wami unomthelela nethuba lokuqhuba ushintsho lwangempela kungilethela ukwaneliseka okukhulu. Ngakho-ke ungakuvumeli nokusebenza kanzima kwakho kuchitheke.

• Sebenza namathimba afanelekile ukuze usethe izinyathelo ezicacile zesenzo, imigqa yesikhathi, namamethrikhi empumelelo.
• Gada inqubekelaphambili futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izincomo zakho ziyasetshenziswa.
• Xhumana njalo namathimba ahlukahlukene ukuze ulandele umthelela wezincomo zakho.

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi lokhu kungase kuzwakale kuningi njengamanje, kodwa ngicela ungakhathazeki. Ngokuzijwayeza, kuzoba lula, futhi ngaphambi kokuthi wazi, lezi zinyathelo zizoba yimvelo yesibili.

Sikufisela inhlanhla ohambweni lwakho lokuhlaziya idatha! Usendleleni efanele!