Umhlahlandlela wabaqalayo ku-Tmux: amandla amakhulu okwenza izinto eziningi kutheminali yakho

ezintweni ezintsha engihlangane nazo muva nje, ngenkathi ngicwaninga abasizi bekhodi abasuselwa kulayini womyalo, ukukhulunywa nokusetshenziswa kwethuluzi engangingakaze ngizwe ngalo ngaphambilini. Lelo thuluzi libizwa nge-Tmux, okusho ukuthi i-Terminal Multiplexer.

Ngamagama alula, i-Tmux ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise iwindi letheminali elilodwa libe yinani lamafasitela namafasitelana ahlukene, ngalinye eliyitheminali ngokwayo. Ukwamukelwa kwamathuluzi afana ne-Tmux sekukhulile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuhamba komsebenzi weqembu le-ejenti okutholakala emikhiqizweni ye-ejenti yomugqa womyalo efana ne-Claude Code. Ngibala Ikhodi kaClaude lapha, kodwa bonke abaqhudelana nabo abakhulu, njenge-Google Gemini CLI kanye ne-OpenAI's Codex, kungenzeka ukuthi sebenayo noma bazobe besebenza ngokulingana nabo.

Iphuzu liwukuthi, kumathuluzi afana ne-Claude Code, lapho idala ama-ejenti amaningi ukuze enze umsebenzi, inganikeza i-ejenti ngayinye kufasitelana layo lewindi. Lezi zinkomba ezibukwayo zikwenza kube lula kakhulu (kubantu) ukugcina umkhondo walokho okwenzekayo njengoba umsebenzi wakho we-ejenti uqhubeka.
I-Claude Code izophenya amafasitelana amaningi ahlukene etheminali ahlukene njengoba kudingeka, inikeze i-ejenti ngayinye ifasitelana, futhi ivale ngokuzenzakalelayo ifasitelana ngalinye njengoba i-ejenti iqeda umsebenzi wayo. Futhi ezimweni eziningi, kusetshenziswa i-Tmux kulokhu kuphathwa kwetheminali.

Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi imithwalo yemisebenzi eminingi ngokuzayo izokwenziwa ngama-ejenti amaningi, cishe uzobona futhi usebenzise i-Tmux kaningi. Ngakho-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi kunengqondo ukufunda okwengeziwe ngokuthi iyini i-Tmux nokuthi yini engayenza ngaphandle kwezinkundla zokubhala amakhodi. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, ngizochaza ukuthi ungayilanda kanjani i-Tmux futhi ngibonise imisebenzi ethile ongayenza ngayo. Ngizofaka kuphela imiqondo ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ngizongeza isixhumanisi ekhasini lasekhaya le-Tmux GitHub ekugcineni ukuze ungene ujule uma ufuna.

Qaphela: ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi wazo, anginabudlelwane noma ubudlelwano nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo noma izinkampani ezishiwo kulesi sihloko.

Ilayisensi ye-Tmux

I-Tmux ingumthombo ovulekile futhi imahhala ngokuphelele ukuyisebenzisa. Ifayela ngalinye lekhodi yomthombo ku-repo linelayisensi elandelayo enamathiselwe.

Ifaka i-Tmux

Kuya ngohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ungafaka i-Tmux ngenye yezindlela ezingezansi.

macOS Indlela elula yokufaka i-tmux ku-macOS nge I-Homebrew. Vula itheminali yakho bese ugijima:

brew install tmux

Ubuntu / Debian / Linux Mint
Ekusakazweni okusekelwe ku-Debian, sebenzisa ifayela le- kufanelekile umphathi wephakheji:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install tmux

I-Fedora / CentOS / RHEL
Okokusabalalisa usebenzisa dnf noma yum:

sudo dnf install tmux

IWindows
Ngingumsebenzisi we-Windows, kodwa ngeshwa, i-Windows ayisekeli i-Tmux ngokwemvelo kodwa wena kungaba sebenzisa i-Windows Subsystem ye-Linux (WSL). Ukwenza lokho,

• Faka ukusatshalaliswa kwe-WSL Linux (njengo-Ubuntu) eSitolo seMicrosoft.
• Vula itheminali ye-WSL.
• Sebenzisa umyalo we-Ubuntu: sudo apt ukufaka tmux.

Amagama angukhiye we-Tmux okufanele uwaqonde

Lezi izi i imibono eyisisekelo ye-tmux, futhi cishe yonke enye into yakhela phezu kwayo.

• Amaseshini. Izindawo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo ezisinda ekunqanyulweni. Ungakhipha futhi unamathisele futhi kamuva.
• IWindows: Ezakho lezi amadeskithophu abonakalayo. Ungase ube newindi elilodwa elinikezelwe “Ekubhaleni Ikhodi” nelinye lokususa iphutha.
• Amafasitelana. Amawindi angaphansi ngaphakathi kwefasitela. Angakwazi ukuqondiswa ngokuqondile noma ngokuvundlile. Ifasitelana ngalinye liyitheminali yomugqa omncane womyalo ngokwalo kwesokudla.

Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-Tmux ukuthi ungakwazi ukunamathisela futhi ukhiphe amaseshini. Lapho ukhipha iseshini, noma yini esebenzayo izohlala isebenza ngemuva, futhi lapho unamathisela kabusha kuseshini, uzobona isimo esibuyekeziwe sanoma yini iseshini ebesivele iyenza.

Iqinisekisa ukufakwa kwakho

Uma ukufaka sekuqediwe, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokubheka inguqulo:

$ tmux -V

tmux 3.2a

Ukuqala iseshini ye-Tmux

“Sawubona mhlaba” wokusebenzisa i-Tmux imane iqala iseshini.

$ tmux

Akukho okuningi okuzoshintsha, kodwa uzoqaphela a ibha yesimo esiluhlaza kuvela ezansi kwefasitela lakho letheminali, okubonisa ukuthi manje ungaphakathi kweseshini ye-tmux. Ungathayipha imiyalo yesistimu yokusebenza ejwayelekile usuka lapha. Isibonelo, bhala zonke izinkomba zami,

Ngaphakathi kwewindi noma ifasitelana le-Tmux, ungabhala zonke izikhathi zakho usebenzisa umyalo:

$ tmux ls

0: 3 windows (created Tue Feb 10 18:22:12 2026)
2: 1 windows (created Tue Feb 10 19:11:12 2026)
3: 1 windows (created Wed Feb 11 10:42:16 2026) (attached)
session2: 2 windows (created Tue Feb 10 18:29:23 2026)

Ukubulala izikhathi, thayipha okukodwa kokulandelayo,

# To kill a specific session:
$ tmux kill-session -t [session_name_or_number]

# Or ... to kill EVERY session (The "Nuke" option):
$ tmux kill-server

Isebenzisa imiyalo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-Tmux

I-Tmux incike ekuhlanganiseni kokhiye othi “prefix” ukuze isebenzise imiyalo yayo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, lokhu kunjalo Ctrl + b, kulandelwa uhlamvu olulodwa. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zemiyalelo evamile ozoyisebenzisa njalo.

Action                     Command
-------                    -------------------------
Split screen vertically    Ctrl + b then %
Split screen horizontally  Ctrl + b then """
Move to another pane       Ctrl + b then Arrow Keys
Kill current window        Ctrl+b then &
Exit tmux                  Ctrl + then d

Isibonelo 1 – Ukudala amafasitelana amasha

Ngakho-ke, njengoba usuqale iseshini ye-Tmux njengenhla, zama ukuthayipha Ctrl+b kulandelwe ngamaphesenti umlingiswa (%) ukuhlukanisa iwindi lakho langempela liqonde kumafasitelana amabili. Kufanele ubone into efana nalena.

Manje thayipha Ctrl+b kulandelwa ukucaphuna kabili (“) umlingiswa, futhi kufanele ubone ukuthi ifasitelana elisha manje selihlukaniswe lavundlile kanje,

Qaphela ukuthi “igama” lewindi lakho lamanje lihlala liboniswa kubha yesimo ngaphansi kwesikrini. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, lezi zimane zifakwe izinombolo ngokulandelana kusukela ku-0, kodwa ungaziqamba kabusha uma ufuna.

Ukuvala ifasitelana elisebenzayo, thayipha umyalo Ctrl+b kulandele i x uhlamvu. Kubha yesimo, uzobona ukwaziswa okukucela ukuthi uqinisekise ukusebenza.

Isibonelo sesi-2 – Ukudala iWindows entsha

Ukuze udale iwindi elisha, thayipha Ctrl+b kulandele umlingiswa c. Iwindi elisha lizomboza futhi lifihle noma yimaphi amawindi e-Tmux akhona owabonisile. Kodwa bheka umudwa ochaza ngesimo, futhi uzowubona ubonisa wonke amagama akho ewindi. Ukuze ushintshe phakathi kwamawindi ahlukene, sebenzisa isinqamuleli sekhibhodi Ctrl+b kulandele i n (noma p) uhlamvu ukuya ewindini elilandelayo (noma eledlule). Ungakwazi futhi ukushintshela enombolweni ethile yewindi ngokubhala inombolo yayo esikhundleni sika-n (noma p)

Ukuvala iwindi, thayipha okuthi Ctrl+b umyalo olandelwa yi-ampersand (&) uhlamvu. Ibha yesimo izobonisa ukwaziswa okukucela ukuthi uqinisekise ukusebenza.

Isibonelo sesi-3 – Ukuhambisa phakathi kwamafasitelana nokuvula igundane

Kulungile, udale inqwaba yamafasitelana ngaphakathi kwewindi. Ithi udinga ukuhamba phakathi kwazo. Phela, qaphela ukuthi ifasitelana lakho lamanje linomngcele oluhlaza, ngakho-ke uhlale wazi ukuthi iyiphi egxilile.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu. Ngekhibhodi, ungabhala Ctrl+b kulandelwa ukhiye womcibisholo ofanele. Qaphela ukuthi kufanele ukhiye kulokhu kulandelana zikhathi zonke ufuna ukuhambisa amafasitelana.

Ukusebenzisa ikhibhodi kanje ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhambahamba kungase kukhathaze, kodwa kunendlela yokusebenzisa igundane esikhundleni salokho. Ukuze unike amandla igundane, ungathayipha Ctrl+b kulandelwa ikholoni (:) uhlamvu. Ibha engezansi yesikrini sakho kufanele iguqule umbala ohlukile, futhi uzobona umyalo wekholoni. Thayipha okulandelayo,

: set -g mouse on

Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele ukwazi ukushintsha phakathi kwamafasitelana ngegundane lakho ngokuchofoza kwesokunxele kuwo. Uma unamawindi amaningi avuliwe, ungakwazi futhi ukuhamba phakathi kwawo ngokuchofoza kwesokunxele egameni lewindi elifanele kubha yakho yesimo.

Isibonelo sesi-4 – Ifayela lokumisa le-Tmux

Indlela esetha ngayo igundane esibonelweni sangaphambilini yenziwa ngokweseshini ngayinye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma sivala i-Tmux futhi siyivula kabusha, ukulungiselelwa kwegundane kuzobe kungasekho. Ukuze ugweme ukusetha izinto ezinjengalezi njalo uma uqala i-Tmux, ungazifaka efayeleni lokumisa ku- uhla lwakho lwasekhaya olubizwa .tmux.conf. Kanje,

echo "set -g mouse on" > ~/.ftmux.conf

Ukuze usebenzise ushintsho ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuqala kabusha i-Tmux, sebenzisa lokhu ngaphakathi kwetheminali ye-Tmux:

Ctrl + b then : then type source-file ~/.tmux.conf.

Kungenjalo, ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho i-Tmux iqala, ibheka ngokuzenzakalelayo ifayela lakho lokucushwa bese ilisebenzisa uma likhona.

Kunenqwaba yezinye izilungiselelo ongazifaka efayeleni lakho lokumisa, ngakho ngiphakamisa ukuthi uhlole isixhumanisi se-Tmux doc ekugcineni ukuze uthole uhlu olugcwele.

Isibonelo sesi-5- Ukukhipha iseshini

Lawa amandla amakhulu e-Tmux, kodwa akukho okuningi kuwo ngempela. Ungaqala inqubo (njengokulanda okukhulu), “susa” kuyo, uvale uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwetheminali, futhi ilokhu isebenza ngemuva, ilungele ukuboniswa lapho unamathisela kabusha kuyo. Ukuze ukhiphe iseshini, thayipha Ctrl+b kulandele umlingiswa d. Uma iseshini isisusiwe, uphinde unamathisele ngokuthayipha lokhu kunoma yiliphi iwindi lomyalo wetheminali evamile:

$ tmux attach

Isibonelo 6- Ukudala eyakho imiyalo ethi Ctrl+b

Ukuze udale ngokwezifiso Ctrl+b imiyalo, sebenzisa umyalo we-Tmux bind. Isibonelo, ake sithi ufuna ukudala ukulandelana kokhiye wesinqamuleli ukuze unike amandla usekelo lwegundane noma kunini uma uthayipha Ctrl+b kulandele i m uhlamvu. Thayipha imiyalo elandelayo,

# get to the command line on the status bar first
Ctrl+b :
# Now map pressing Ctrl+b m to turn the mouse ON
bind m set -g mouse on ; display 'Mouse: ON'

Futhi, lokhu kuzovula igundane UKUVULA ukumepha kokhiye kuseshini yamanje kuphela. Ukuze uyenze itholakale kuso sonke isikhathi se-Tmux, faka umyalo wokubopha kufayela elithi .tmux.conf.

echo "bind m set -g mouse on ; display 'Mouse: ON'" >> .tmux.conf

Isibonelo sesi-7- Amathiphu Okuxubile

• Ukushintsha usayizi wefasitelana. Uma ucabanga ukuthi igundane livuliwe, ukuze ushintshe usayizi wefasitelana, mane uchofoze kwesokunxele emngceleni walo ngelinye ifasitelana bese uhudula kwesokunxele uye kwesokudla noma phezulu-phansi njengoba kudingekile. Uma igundane lingavunyelwe, thayipha Ctrl+bbese ubamba ukhiye we-ALT ngenkathi ucindezela ukhiye owodwa womcibisholo.
• Ukuthola usizo. Bonisa yonke imiyalo ye-Ctrl-b ngokubhala Ctrl+b kulandelwa uphawu lombuzo (?) uhlamvu. Ukuze uphume kulesi sibonisi, thayipha ukhiye u-c noma we-ESC
• Ukusondeza. Uma unamafasitelana amaningi avuliwe, ucindezela Ctrl+b okulandelwa uhlamvu luka-z kuzokwenza ifasitelana lamanje, elisebenzayo ligcwalise iwindi lonke. Ukucindezela inhlanganisela yokhiye ofanayo futhi kuzobuyisela izinto ngendlela ebeziyiyo.
• Isihloko esithi “Ngikuphi?” I-Flash. Uma unesikrini esigcwele amafasitelana futhi ulahlekelwa ukuthi isiphi, cindezela Ctrl+b bese q. Izinombolo ezinkulu zizokhanya phezu kwefasitelana ngalinye. Lokhu akubonisi nje inombolo yefasitelana ngalinye, kodwa uma uthayipha inombolo ngenkathi ivezwa, uzogxumela kulelo phaneli bese ulenza lisebenze.
• Ukushintsha izindawo zefasitelana. Ukuze ushintshe izindawo zefasitelana, chofoza Ctrl+b kulandelwa uhlamvu lwebrace olugobile oluvuliwe noma oluvaliwe ({}). Lokhu kuzoshintshanisa indawo yefasitelana elisebenzayo nelinye ifasitelana efasiteleni.

Isifinyezo

Ngicabanga ukuthi ukwazi nokusebenzisa insiza efana ne-Tmux iyisengezo esihle ongaba nakho ebhokisini lakho lamathuluzi lonjiniyela. Lokhu kuqiniswa yiqiniso lokuthi sesiqala ukubona amathuluzi amaningi omsizi wekhodi, njenge-Claude Code, sisebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-Tmux ukubonisa ukuqhubeka kwezinqubo zama-ejenti amaningi. Njengoba ukugeleza komsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa kwe-ejenti yomugqa womyalo kuchuma, sizobona okuningi kwalolu hlobo lokusebenzisa.

Lesi sihloko siklwebha kuphela lokho insiza ye-Tmux ekwazi ukuyenza. Amathuluzi anjengalawa angathatha isikhathi eside ukuba abe nekhono ngempela ngawo, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi kuwufanele ukubekezela. Uma wenza kanjalo, ungase ubheke emuva futhi uzibuze ukuthi ubhekane kanjani nakho ngaphandle kwakho.

Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe nge-Tmux, vakashela ikhasi layo le-GitHub kulesi sixhumanisi esilandelayo: